Contrasting below- and aboveground responses of two deciduous trees to patchy nitrate availability
Vit Gloser (1, 2, 3), Katherine Libera (1) and Colin M. Orians (1)
1. Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA / 2. Present address: Department of Plant Physiology and Anatomy, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic / 3. Corresponding author () / Received October 21, 2006; accepted May 24, 2007; published online October 15, 2007
Summary
We investigated how patchy nitrate availability influences growth and functioning of plant roots and generates, through vascular
constraints on long-distance transport, aboveground heterogeneity in plant growth and chemistry. We examined two broadleaf
tree species, Acer rubrum L. and Betula papyrifera Marsh. Plants were grown either in a split-root setup where a single root received full nutrient supply and the rest of the
root system received all nutrients except nitrogen (patchy treatment), or in a single pot with full nutrient supply (homogeneous
treatment). In both species, fine roots proliferated in the nitrogen patch, but B. papyrifera produced twice as much fine root biomass in response to patchy nitrate availability as did A. rubrum. There was no difference between treatments in nitrogen uptake rate in either species. In general, specific water uptake
was higher in A. rubrum than in B. papyrifera, especially in the nitrogen-rich side pot. When nitrate availability was patchy, nitrate reductase activity in roots and
leaves was unaffected in either species. In A. rubrum, but not in B. papyrifera, patchy nitrate supply resulted in aboveground heterogeneity, with leaves above the N-fertilized roots being larger and having
a higher relative chlorophyll concentration than those inserted in the opposite quater of the stem.
