© 2005 Heron Publishing—Victoria, Canada
Assessing forest structure and function from spectral transmittance measurements: a case study in a Mediterranean holm oak
forest
Lydia Serrano (1, 2) and Josep Peñuelas (3)
1. Departament d’Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain / 2. Corresponding author (lydia.serrano@upc.es) / 3. Unitat d’Ecofisiologia CSIC-CEAB-CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,
Barcelona, Spain / Received March 15, 2004; accepted June 25, 2004; published online November 1, 2004
Summary
Annual changes in structural attributes and seasonal dynamics in water content, photosynthetic rate and light-use efficiency
(LUE) were assessed by spectral transmittance for 4 years (1999–2003) in six stands of a Mediterranean holm oak forest. Green
biomass, total biomass and leaf area index (LAI) were determined. In 1999, seasonal dynamics of net carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange and water content were measured. We recorded photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance and hyperspectral
transmittance in the 400–1100 nm region and derived reflectance-based vegetation indices.
Transmittance over the PAR region derived from either ceptometer or spectroradiometer measurements (PART and TPAR, respectively) was related to green and total biomass. Both PART and TPAR were also related to LAI (r = 0.79 and r = 0.70, respectively, P < 0.001) and were appropriate for comparison among stands, whereas subtle changes in LAI within a stand were better assessed
by the transmittance amplitude in the red edge region (TRE) (within a stand, r = 0.77–0.99, P < 0.001).
Spectral transmittance-based indices successfully captured physiological processes that occurred on temporal (seasonal) and
spatial scales. The transmittance-based water index (TWI) was related to both foliage and canopy water content (r = 0.69, P < 0.001). Estimates of foliage and canopy water content improved in dense (closed) stands (r = 0.84 and r = 0.87, respectively, P < 0.001) compared with low-density stands. Under non-drought conditions, transmittance-based photochemical reflectance index
(TPRI) was related to LUE (r = 0.58, P < 0.05) and net CO2 exchange (r = 0.72, P < 0.01), and the combined TPAR × TPRI index greatly improved these relationships (r = 0.93 and r = 0.84, respectively, P < 0.01), indicating that both structural and physiological adjustments modified CO2 fixation capacity in these forest stands. Our novel approach to the study of transmitted radiation provides a tool for estimating
structural and functional variables such as LAI, LUE and water content, which are key determinants of terrestrial productivity.
Keywords:
growth, leaf area index, light-use efficiency, net CO2 exchange, remote sensing, water content.
