© 2004 Heron Publishing—Victoria, Canada
Nitrate improves growth in salt-stressed citrus seedlings through effects on photosynthetic activity and chloride accumulation
Domingo J. Iglesias (1), Yoseph Levy (2), Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas (3), Francisco R. Tadeo (1), Eduardo Primo-Millo (1) and Manuel Talon (1, 4)
1. Departamento de Citricultura y Otros Frutales, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Apartado Oficial, E-46113
Moncada, Valencia, Spain / 2. Gilat Experiment Station, Mobile Post Negev 85-280, Israel / 3. Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales, Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec., E-12071 Castelló, Spain / 4. Corresponding author (mtalon@ivia.es) / Received January 5, 2004; accepted January 28, 2004; published online July 1, 2004
Summary
We analyzed the effects of nitrate availability on growth of Navelina (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) scions grafted on three citrus rootstocks differing in salt tolerance: Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.), Citrus macrophylla Wester and Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tanaka). Salt stress reduced total plant biomass by 27–38%, whereas potassium nitrate supplementation partially
counteracted this effect by increasing dry matter and new leaf area. Salinized Carrizo citrange had the greatest response
to nitrate supplementation, whereas the effects on salinized Cleopatra mandarin and C. macrophylla were less apparent. Nitrogen and chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic activity also increased in leaves of the nitrate-supplemented
salinized plants. In salinized plants, nitrate supplementation reduced leaf abscission, stimulated photosynthetic activity
and increased growth of new leaves. The nitrate treatment did not modify chloride concentration in leaves, but it reduced
chloride concentrations in Carrizo and Macrophylla roots. Therefore, in both rootstocks, chloride content was similar in mature
leaves, higher in immature leaves and lower in roots of the nitrate-supplemented salinized plants compared with salinized
plants unsupplemented with nitrate. We suggest that the nitrate-induced stimulation of growth reduced chloride concentration
in roots through the reallocation of chloride to new leaves.
Keywords:
Carrizo citrange, Citrus macrophylla, Cleopatra mandarin, gas exchange, Navelina, nitrogen, rootstocks, salinity.
